Benzene

CAS 71-43-2C6H678.11 g/mol

Benzene is a six-carbon aromatic annulene in which each carbon atom donates one of its two 2p electrons into a delocalised system. A toxic, flammable liquid byproduct of coal distillation, it is used as an industrial solvent. Benzene is a carcinogen that also damages bone marrow and the central nervous system. It has a role as a non-polar solvent, a carcinogenic agent and an environmental contaminant. It is a volatile organic compound, a member of benzenes and an aromatic annulene.

IUPAC: benzene

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Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical and chemical properties
Melting Point	41.9 °F (NTP, 1992)
Boiling Point	176.2 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
Density	0.879 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float
Solubility	1 to 5 mg/mL at 64 °F (NTP, 1992)
Flash Point	12 °F (NTP, 1992)
Vapor Pressure	60 mmHg at 59 °F ; 76 mmHg at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)
Appearance	Benzene appears as a clear colorless liquid with a petroleum-like odor. Flash point less than 0 °F. Less dense than water and slightly soluble in water. Hence floats on water. Vapors are heavier than air.